Stands for "Ethereum Virtual Machine." It's the computer inside the Ethereum blockchain that runs smart contracts.
EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) is a powerful, decentralized computer that is responsible for executing smart-contracts and maintaining the state of the Ethereum blockchain.
The EVM is the "brain" of the Ethereum network. It is not a physical computer, but a distributed software platform that runs on thousands of computers, or nodes, all over the world. The EVM's primary purpose is to ensure that the rules of every smart-contract are executed precisely as written. Because every node runs the same EVM code, every participant in the network can verify that all transactions are valid and that the ledger's state is accurate.
Every action on the Ethereum network—from a simple transaction-hash to a complex DApp function—is a command that the EVM executes. This process costs a small fee in gas, which is paid in Ether (ETH). This fee is a crucial part of the EVM's design, as it prevents network abuse and ensures that the resources of the decentralized computer are used efficiently.
The EVM's ability to run any program written into a smart-contract is what makes the Ethereum network so versatile. It has become the standard for many other blockchains, as it allows for interoperability and a rich developer ecosystem. The EVM has enabled the creation of everything from DeFi protocols to NFT marketplaces and complex DAOs, all of which rely on the EVM to execute their code reliably and without a central authority.
The EVM's role in providing a secure, reliable, and predictable environment for code execution is what powers the new internet of Web3. By distributing computing power and ensuring consensus, the EVM has made it possible to build transparent and censorship-resistant applications that are not controlled by a single company.